Strength maintenance training in the rehabilitation of common injuries in soccer athletes during the winter / Treinamento de manutenção de força na reabilitação de lesões comuns em atletas do futebol durante o inverno / Entrenamiento de manutención de fuerza en la rehabilitación de lesiones comunes en atletas de fútbol durante el invierno

ABSTRACT Introduction: The level of soccer athletics develops rapidly, requiring athletes to be more capable of training, strengthening, and competitive readiness. Often, these characteristics are compromised by preventable injuries resulting from excessive or unreasonable training, especially in winter. The outcome is the athlete's absence from games during the season, compromising the team's qualification. Objective: Improve the treatment and prevention of the major injuries caused to soccer athletes in winter. Methodology: The main injuries resulting from poor training and the best practices of awareness and recovery were researched. The selected actions were implemented on ten athletes with follow-up during the entire annual season, totaling 50 games. Results: An increase in the number of active athletes during the competition phase was observed in 7 games, and competition efficiency was increased by 14%. Conclusion: Soccer players can get better rehabilitation through practical strength maintenance training in the rehabilitation phase between winter training and competitions. This scientific and rational method has a significantly positive effect on the physical performance of athletes. Evidence Level II; Therapeutic Studies - Investigating the results.

RESUMO Introdução: O nível do atletismo do futebol desenvolve-se rapidamente, exigindo que os atletas sejam mais capazes de treinar, fortalecerem-se e prepararem-se para a competição. Muitas vezes, essas características são comprometidas por lesões evitáveis resultantes de treinamento excessivo ou irracional, especialmente no inverno. O resultado é a ausência do atleta nos jogos durante a temporada, comprometendo a qualificação da equipe. Objetivo: Melhorar o tratamento e a prevenção das maiores lesões ocasionadas aos atletas de futebol durante o inverno. Metodologia: As principais lesões resultantes do mau treinamento e as melhores práticas de conscientização e recuperação foram pesquisadas. As ações selecionadas foram implementadas em dez atletas com acompanhamento durante toda a temporada anual, totalizando 50 jogos. Resultados: Um aumento no número de atletas ativos durante a fase de competição foi observado em 7 jogos, e a eficiência da competição foi aumentada em 14%. Conclusão: Os jogadores de futebol podem obter melhor reabilitação através de treinamento prático de manutenção de força na fase de reabilitação entre o treinamento de inverno e as competições. Esse método científico e racional tem um efeito significativamente positivo sobre o desempenho físico dos atletas. Nível de evidência II; Estudos Terapêuticos - Investigação de Resultados.

RESUMEN Introducción: El nivel del atletismo de fútbol se desarrolla rápidamente, lo que exige de los atletas una mayor capacidad de entrenamiento, fortalecimiento y preparación para la competición. Con frecuencia, estas características se ven comprometidas por lesiones evitables derivadas de un entrenamiento excesivo o no adecuado, en particular durante el invierno. El resultado es la no participación del atleta en los partidos de la temporada, lo que compromete la clasificación del equipo. Objetivo: Mejorar el tratamiento y la prevención de las principales lesiones causadas a los deportistas de fútbol en el invierno. Metodología: Se investigaron las principales lesiones derivadas de un mal entrenamiento y las mejores prácticas de sensibilización y recuperación. Las acciones seleccionadas se aplicaron en diez atletas con seguimiento durante toda la temporada anual, con un total de 50 partidos. Resultados: Se observó un aumento del número de atletas activos durante la fase de competición en 7 partidos, y la eficacia de la competición se incrementó en un 14%. Conclusión: Los futbolistas pueden conseguir una mejor rehabilitación mediante un entrenamiento práctico de mantenimiento de la fuerza en la fase de rehabilitación entre el entrenamiento invernal y las competiciones. Este método científico y racional tiene un efecto significativamente positivo en el rendimiento físico de los atletas. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - Investigación de resultados.

The influencing factors and prevention progress of motor complications of Parkinson's disease / 预防医学

Abstract@#Long-term use of levodopa in the treatment of Parkinson's disease can cause motor complications, which seriously impair the patients'motor function, reduce the quality of life, and aggravate the functional disability. Since there has been no effective treatment for motor complications, clarifying the influencing factors and prevention methods are conducive to reducing the risk of incidence and improving the quality of life of the patients. This paper summarizes the types and mechanism of motor complications of Parkinson's disease, the influencing factors ( levodopa dose, onset age, Helicobacter pylori infection and high protein diet ) and preventive measures ( psychological intervention, low protein diet, rehabilitation exercise and drugs ), so as to provide reference for the prevention and control of the disease.

Effects of needling acupoints at different nerve segments on oxytocin neurons in rat's hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus and intragastric pressure / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective:To compare and explore the effects of needling acupoints at different nerve segmentson the oxytocin (OT) neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus (PVN) and the intragastric pressure, and discuss the possible mechanisms. Methods: Thirty-two healthy adult Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were numbered and divided into 4 groups according to the random number table, a Zusanli (ST 36) group, a Neiguan (PC 6) group, a Weishu (BL 21) group and a control group, with 8 rats in each group. Except the control group, rats in the other three groups received acupuncture at the corresponding acupoints. To observe the differences in double-labeled OT neurons and c-fos neurons of the hypothalamic PVN and the intragastric pressure after acupuncture among the three groups of needling acupoints at different nerve segments. Results:Compared with the control group, the numbers of double-labeled cells in the PVN of the Zusanli (ST 36) group and the Neiguan (PC 6) group decreased significantly, while the intragastric pressure increased significantly (allP<0.05), and the inter-group differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The intragastric pressure in the Weishu (BL 21) group decreased significantly, and the inter-group difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Compared with the Weishu (BL 21) group, the numbers of OT/c-fos double-labeled cells in PVN of the Zusanli (ST 36) group and the Neiguan (PC 6) group decreased significantly, and the intragastric pressure increased significantly, the inter-group differences were statistically significant (allP<0.01). Conclusion:Acupoints at different nerve segments have different regulation effects on intragastric pressure. The difference may be related to the different nerve conduction pathways by acupoints at different nerve segments in regulating the intragastric pressure. The PVN may be one common integration center for the regulation of gastric function in the three acupoints [Zusanli (ST 36), Neiguan (PC 6) and Weishu (BL 21)] at different nerve segments.

Synergistic antitumor effect of HSP90 inhibitor P7 combined with docetaxel in triple-negative breast cancer / 基础医学与临床

Objective To evaluate the effect of docetaxel(DTX)combined with a heptapeptide(LPLTPLP, namely P7)on the human triple-negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 in vitro.Methods The cell viability was measured by SRB assay followed by evaluation of their combination effect using the isobologram.Flow cytometry was performed to quantify apoptotic cells following treatment of DTX,P7 and DTX combined with P7 and the ex-pressions of the apoptosis-related proteins were determined by Western blot analysis.Results P7 synergized with DTX in cell viability detection.The apoptotic rate was highly increased with increasing Bax /Bcl-2 ratio after MDA-MB-231 cells were exposed to DTX and P 7 combination.Conclusions Combination of P 7 and DTX has synergistic effects on MDA-MB-231 cells characterized by increasing apoptosis activation,in which the expression of pro-apop-totic protein Bax increased with a decline in apoptotic protein Bcl-2.

Increased expression of Hsp90 in pancreatic cancer and its clinical pathological significance / 基础医学与临床

Objective To explore the expression and meaning of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) in pancreatic cancer and its correlation with the occurrence,development and metastasis of the tumor tissues and its influence on prognosis. Methods Via immunohistochemical staining, this study used the commercial tissue chip to determine the expression of Hsp90 in 63 pancreatic cancer resection specimens and their para-cancerous counterparts, which were pathologically confirmed from January 2009 to August 2013. We also analyzed the correlation with patient's clinical parameters by using one-way ANOVA or t test. Results Hsp90 expression in pancreatic cancer tissues was significantly higher than tissue adjacent to carcinoma, and it was associated with histological grade, lymph node metastasis,clinical and TNM phase of pancreatic cancer (P<0.05). Conclusions Hsp90 is highly expressed in pancreatic cancer tissues,and its expression is associated with invasion and metastasis of pancreatic cancer. There-fore,Hsp90 may serves as a prognostic indicator of pancreatic cancer while its high expression may represent poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients.

Role of H1R, PAR-2/TRPV1 itch signal pathway on acute eczema and mechanism study of Portulaca extracts / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To investigate the influence of Portulaca extracts on H1R,PAR-2 and TRPV1 in skins of rats and the regulation mechanism of H1R,PAR-2/TRPV1 itch signal pathway with atopic eczema.Methods:30 SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group,model group and Porulaca group,each group contained 10 rats.In addition to the normal group,2,4-dinitrochloro-benzene was used on the rest of group for making rat model with atopic eczema.After the success of the model manufacture,each group was given corresponding drugs.After the last administration,EASI was evaluated.The levels of H1R,PAR-2 and TRPV1 in rats skins were detected by immunohistochemical method.Ca2+concentration was analyzed by flow cytometry.Results: Compared with normal control group,EASI(P<0.01),the levels of H1R(P<0.05) and PAR-2(P<0.01),and Ca2+concentration(P<0.01) of rats in model group were significantly increased.The levels of TRPV1 were not increased obviously (P>0.05).Compared with model group,EASI (P<0.01),the levels of H1R(P<0.01) and PAR-2(P<0.01),and Ca2+concentration(P<0.05) of rats in Porulaca group were sig-nificantly reduced,and the levels of TRPV1 were not decreased obviously(P>0.05).Conclusion:Purslane could reduce the levels of H1R,PAR-2 and Ca2+concentration to treat the acute eczema.The mechanism may be to lose the activation of downstream molecule TRPV1 and reduce the inflow of Ca2+by reducing the levels of upstream molecules H1R and PAR-2,then to achieve the effect of anti itch.

Enhancing efficiency of remote mobile NBC decontamination / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To explore and solve the problems of the decontamination group of NBC medical rescue brigade.Methods The problems of NBC medical rescue brigade were discussed from the aspects of decontamination equipment systematization and intellectualization,personnel training and etc.Results Some suggestions were put forward including developing standardized,systematized,intelligent and human-oriented decontamination equipment,strengthening personnel training and etc.Condusion The efficiency of the decontamination group of NBC medical rescue brigade has to be enhanced from the aspects of technology,equipment and personnel.

Role of Diabetes Mellitus on Treatment Effects in Drug-susceptible Initial Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in China / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

We assessed the role of diabetes mellitus (DM) on treatment effects in drug-susceptible initial pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients. A prospective study was conducted in eight provinces of China from October 2008 to December 2010. We enrolled 1,313 confirmed drug-susceptible initial PTB patients, and all subjects received the treatment regimen (2H3R3E3Z3/4H3R3) as recommended by the national guidelines. Of the 1,313 PTB patients, 157 (11.9%) had DM; these patients had more sputum smear-positive rates at the end of the second month [adjusted odds ratios (aOR) 2.829, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.783-4.490], and higher treatment failure (aOR 2.120, 95% CI 1.565-3.477) and death rates (aOR 1.536, 95% CI 1.011-2.628). DM was a contributing factor for culture-positive rates at the end of the second month and treatment failure and death of PTB patients, thus playing an unfavorable role in treatment effects of PTB.

Pathological Changes in APP/PS-1 Transgenic Mouse Models of Alzheimer's Disease Treated with Ganoderma Lucidum Preparation / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To explore the efficacy of ganoderma lucidum preparation(Ling Zhi) in treating APP/PS-1 transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer's disease(AD).Methods APP/PS-1 transgenic mice of 4 months were randomly divided into model group,ganoderma lucidum treatment groups,including high [2250 mg/(kg·d)] and middle [750 mg/(kg·d)] dose groups,i.e.LZ-H and LZ-M groups,and the positive control group(treated with donepezil hydrochloride [2 mg/(kg·d)]).In addition,C57BL/6J wild mice were selected as normal group.The animals were administered for 4 months.Histopathological examinations including hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining,immunohistochemistry,special staining,and electron microscopy were applied,and then the pathological morphology and structures in different groups were compared. Results The senile plaques and neurofibrillar tangles in the cerebrum and cerebellum were dissolved or disappeared in LZ-H and LZ-M groups.Decrease of amyloid angiopathy was found in LZ-H and LZ-M groups.The immature neurons appeared more in hippocampus and dentate nucleus of LZ-H and LZ-M groups than those in AD model and donepezil hydrochloride groups(hippcampus:F=1.738,P=0.016;dentate nucleus:F=1.924,P=0.026),and these immature neurons differentiated to be neurons.More Purkinje cells loss occurred in AD model mice than that in LZ-H and LZ-M groups(F=9.46,P=0.007;F=9.46,P=0.010).The LZ-H and LZ-M groups had more new neuron stem cells grown up in cerebellum.Electromicroscopic examination showed the hippocampal neurons in LZ-H and LZ-M group were integrated,the nuclear membrane was intact,and the mitochondria in the cytoplasm,endoplasmic reticulum,Golgi bodies,microtubules,and synapses were also complete.The microglial cell showed no abnormality.No toxicity appeared in the pathological specimens of mice treated with ganoderma lucidum preparation.Conclusion The ganoderma lucidum preparation can dissolve and decline or dismiss the senile plaques and neurofibrillar tangles in the brain of AD mice and also reduce the amyloid angiopathy.

Risk of Treatment Failure in Patients with Drug-susceptible Pulmonary Tuberculosis in China / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

The objective of this prospective study of the risks of treatment failure in patients with drug-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) was to provide reference data to help develop a disease control strategy. Participants were recruited in eight provinces of China from October 2008 to December 2010. A total of 1447 patients with drug-susceptible PTB and older than 15 years of age were enrolled. Demographic characteristics, bacteriological test results, and patient outcome, i.e., cure or treatment failure were recorded and compared using the chi-square or Fisher's exact tests. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with risk of treatment failure. Of the 1447 patients who were enrolled, 1349 patients (93.2%) were successfully treated and 98 (6.8%) failed treatment. Failure was significantly associated with age 365 years [odds ratio (OR)=2.522, 95% confidence interval (CI): (1.097-5.801)], retreatment [OR=2.365, 95% CI: (1.276-4.381)], missed medicine [OR=1.836, 95% CI: (1.020-3.306)], treatment not observed [OR=1.879 95% CI: (1.105-3.195)], and positive culture result after the first [OR=1.971, 95% CI: (1.080-3.597)] and second month [OR=4.659, 95% CI: (2.590-8.382)]. The risk factors associated with treatment failure were age 365 years, retreatment, missed medication, treatment not observed, and positive culture at the end of month 1 or month 2. These risk factors should be monitored during treatment and interventions carried out to reduce or prevent treatment failure and optimize treatment success.

Studies on chemical constituents of Valeriana plants and their biological activities / 中国中药杂志

The recent progresses on chemical components and pharmacological activities of the genus Valerianawere summarized.Besides-essential oil, the chemical composition of Valerianais mainly focused on monoterpenoids,sesquiterpenoids,lignans, flavonoids, alkaloids, etc. Iridoids are the main chemical components ofmonoterpenoids. There are two types ofiridoidson the basis of the cyclopentane open or not. The Valerianahas been drawmuch attention for their significant sedation,spasmolysis,antidepression,antitumor, against adenosine A1 receptors and cytotoxicityactivity,and had certain function for cardiovascular disease treatment. Given to the fact of the lack of systematic review and summary of studies on the Valeriana, we summarized and analyze the study literatures on the pharmacological activity of Valerianain recent years, and providedsome basisfor further study.

Chemical constituents from rhizomes of Valeriana jatamansi / 中草药

Objective: To investigate the chemical constituents from the rhizomes of Valeriana jatamansi. Methods: The ethanol percolation extraction was isolated and purified by ODS column, silica gel column, and Sephadex LH-20 chromatography. All compounds were identified on the basis of spectral analysis. Results: Thirteen compounds were isolated from the rhizomes of V. jatamansi and identified as prinsepoil (1), 8-hydroxypinoresinol (2), pinoresinol (3), 2,5-Methanocyclopenta-1,3-dioxin-7-ol (4), 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-propenal (5), vibutinal (6), baldrinal (7), 11-ethoxyviburtinal (8), 5-hydroxymethyl furfural (9), pinoresinol-4'-O-β-D-glucoside (10), (7S,8R)-dehydroconiferyl alcohol-8,5'-dehydroconiferyl aldehyde-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (11), magnolol (12), and daucosterol (13). Conclusion: Compounds 11 and 12 are isolated from the plants in Valerianaceae for the first time, compounds 5 and 6 are isolated from the plants of Valeriana L. for the first time, and compounds 9 and 10 are isolated from this plant for the first time.

Effects of Guhong Injection on Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Cortex after Cerebral Ischemia-reperfusion in Rats / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective To study the effects of Guhong injection on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the cortex 14 days after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. Methods 30 male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into sham group (n=6), ischemia group (n=6), aceglutamide injection group (n=6), Honghua injection group (n=6) and Guhong injection group (n=6). The middle cerebral arteries of all the rats were occluded for 2 hours and reperfusion, except the sham group. Drugs were administered once a day 24 hours after reperfusion. The expression of VEGF in cortex was detected with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) 14 days after reperfusion. Results The expression of VEGF decreased in the ischemia group compared with the sham group (P<0.001), and it increased both in the aceglutamide and Guhong injection groups compared with the ischemia group (P<0.05). Conclusion Guhong injection can significantly increase the expression of VEGF in the cortex 14 days after ischemia-reperfusion, which may be one of the ways for neuro-protection.

Comparison of severe pneumonia caused by Human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus in hospitalized children.

Objectives: The objective of this study is to compare the incidence and clinical characteristics of severe pneumonia caused by Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in children. Patients and Methods: A total of 151 children hospitalized with severe pneumonia, were tested for hMPV using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. At the same time, samples were tested for RSV and other common respiratory viruses. Medical records, including clinical, laboratory data, and chest radiography findings, were reviewed for all children. Results: Of the 151 samples, 88 (58.3%) were positive for respiratory viruses. Of the 88 positive, there were 6 (4.0%) with hMPV, 66 (43.7%) with RSV, 13 (8.6%) with influenza A, 2 (1.3%) with parainfluenza virus III, 1 (0.7%) with parainfluenza virus I, 1 (0.7%) with adenovirus and 1 (0.7%) with influenza B. hMPV-infected patients were significantly older than RSV-infected patients (P < 0.001). Children with hMPV pneumonia had fever more frequently (P = 0.03). Two hMPV-positive patients (33.3%) required admission to an intensive care unit, and two patients (33.3%) required mechanical ventilation. The duration of illness was 18.33 ± 7.09 days. These characteristics of hMPV infections were similar to patients with RSV infections. Conclusion: Human metapneumovirus is an infrequent viral pathogen causing severe pneumonia in children. Children with hMPV were older than those with RSV. The disease caused by hMPV was similar in presentation and severity to RSV, with a minority of children requiring additional respiratory support.

Effect of vacuum drainage on the blood circulation of expanded flap in ear reconstruction / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of vacuum drainage on blood circulation of expanded skin flap, so as to confirm suitable negative pressure for ear reconstruction.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>21 patients (Auricular Reconstructive Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, PUMC) were randomly divided into A, B, C 3 groups to receive vacuum drainage of: -20, -40 and -60 kPa, respectively. The length and width of reconstructed ears,which represented the swelling degree, were measured instantly and 5, 10 days postoperatively. The changes were calculated and reflected venous drainage of flaps. The temperature of proximal (concha) and distal (helix) part of the expanded flaps, which represented the arterial blood supply of flaps, was detected by infrared thermography after operation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Five days after operation [(1.48 +/- 0.47) mm, (0.36 +/- 0.06) mm] and immediately [(1.67 +/- 0.69) mm, (0.40 +/- 0.16) mm)] , the changes of the length and width of reconstructed ear in group B was significantly low, while there was no statistically difference between group A and C (P > 0.05). The data between 10 days and 5 days after operation showed the same result. Along with the increase of the negative pressure, the swelling degree of reconstructed ears decreased firstly and then increased reversely ( P < 0.01 ). The flap temperature of reconstructed ears increased (P < 0.01), especially in proximal (concha) part (P < 0.01) , when the negative pressure increased (0 to -60 kPa).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Vacuum drainage has effect on both the venous drainage and blood supply. Negative pressure of -40 kPa can improve both the blood supply and venous drainage. It should be as reference for clinical application.</p>

Expression and clinical significance of CD40 in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the expression of CD40 in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and its relationship with various clinical parameters, pathologic findings and prognostic data.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical information of 87 patients with DLBCL diagnosed in Jilin Province Cancer Hospital during the period from January, 2008 to october, 2012 was retrospectively reviewed. Immunohistochemical study using SP technique for CD40 was carried out. The correlation between clinicopathologic findings, CD40 expression and survival data was analyzed using statistical software.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Cases of CD40-positive DLBCL were characterized by lower age group, early clinical stage, less extranodal involvement, lower IPI index and lower ECOG score. However, there was no significant correlation between gender of patients and site of involvement (P = 0.141 and 0.729). The overall survival of patients with CD40-positive DLBCL was significantly higher than that in patients with CD40-negative DLBCL. One-way analysis of variance showed that the prognosis of DLBCL was closely associated with CD40 expression, age of patients, ECOG score, IPI index, extranodal involvement and LDH level (P < 0.05, respectively). Stratified analysis showed that CD40-positive DLBCL carried a better prognosis, irrespective of other immunophenotyping results. COX model multivariate analysis showed that the expression of CD40 closely correlated with other immunophenotyping results, ECOG score, clinical staging, treatment regimen and prognosis (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The expression of CD40 is a favorable prognostic indicator in patients with DLCBL.</p>

Propofol may protect PC12 cells from β-amyloid₂₅₋₃₅ induced apoptosis through the GSK-3β signaling pathway / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>There are two major pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease. One is the progressive accumulation of beta-amyloid (Aβ) in the form of senile plaques; the other is hyperphosphorylated tau, causing neuronal apoptosis. Some inhalation anesthetics, such as isoflurane and desflurane, have been suggested to induce Aβ accumulation and cause AD-like neuropathogenesis. Whether intravenous anesthetics have similar effects is still unclear. We therefore set out to determine the relationship between propofol and AD-like pathogenesis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>PC12 cells were cultured in serum-free medium for 12 hours prior to drug treatment. Various concentrations from 5 µmol/L to 80 µmol/L of aggregated Aβ25-35 were added to determine a proper concentration for further study. After exposure to 10 µmol/L Aβ25-35 alone or with 20 µmol/L propofol for 6 hours, PC12 cell viability was determined by MTT assay. Western blotting and immunocytochemical staining were performed to observe the protein expression of the Bcl-2 family, tau phosphorylation at different sites, and tau protein kinases and phosphatases.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Aβ25-35 induced a decrease in PC12 cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. Exposure to 10 µmol/L Aβ25-35 for 6 hours resulted in the mild cell survival, accompanied by a decline in Bcl-2, and an increase in phosphorylation of GSK-3β and tau at different sites. Compared with the Aβ25-35 group, cells treated with propofol alone showed no significant difference, while cells co-incubated with propofol and Aβ25-35 showed a significantly higher survival rate (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). Tau phosphorylation at Ser396, Ser404 and Thr231 and the level of GSK-3β in PC12 cells increased after exposure to 10 µmol/L Aβ25-35. Co-incubation with propofol attenuated cellular apoptosis by inhibiting tau phosphorylation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>These data indicate that propofol may protect PC12 cells from Aβ25-35-induced apoptosis and tau hyperphosphorylation through the GSK-3β pathway, therefore it may be a safer anesthesia for AD and elderly patients.</p>

Ear reconstruction after rupture of postauricular expanded flap / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To summarize the principles of ear reconstruction after rupture of postauricular expanded flap.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The rupture of the postauricular expanded flap was graded as I-IV degree. For flap rupture of I and II degree, the ear reconstruction was performed immediately with autogenous cartilage framework. For flap rupture of III degree, topical and systemic treatment should be done to relieve the redness and swelling. Then the ear reconstruction was performed. For flap rupture of IV degree, the expanded postauricular flap was smoothened. Ear reconstruction was performed 3 months later.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were 67 cases with flap rupture, including 43 cases as I and II degree, 17 cases as III degree and 7 cases as IV degree. Ear reconstruction with autogenous cartilage framework was performed in 43 cases, with Medpor framework in 17 cases. Flap smoothing and secondary ear reconstruction with autogenous cartilage framework was performed in 7 cases. The results were satisfactory with complications in 4 cases (7%), which resolved after treatment. Primary healing was achieved in all the patients.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Good result could be achieved in ear reconstruction, even after flap rupture. Proper treatment should be adopted according to the rupture degree.</p>

Application of bi-pedicled frontal expanded flap for cervical cicatricial contracture / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the therapeutic effect of bi-pedicled frontal expanded flap for cervical cicatricial contracture.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Tissue expanders were implanted under frontal muscle. After expansion, the frontal flaps were designed based on bilateral superficial temporal vessels and were transferred to the neck wound. The cervical spine movement and the mento-cervical angle was measured and analyzed by SPSS16.0 and t test.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>From September 2006 to May 2010, 7 patients were treated by this method. The range of active cervical movement was improved in all direction. The mento-cervical angle decreased from (152.7 +/- 1.9) to (90.7 +/- 2.2) degrees after operation. The patients were followed up for 5 months to 3 years with satisfactory result and no contracture recurrence.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The bi-pedicled expanded frontal flap has a reliable blood supply and is very suitable for cervical cicatricial contracture with good functional and esthetic results, leaving less morbidity at donor site.</p>

Distribution changes of forefoot plantar pressure in hallux valgus / 医用生物力学

Objective To investigate the changes of distribution of plantar pressure in Hallux Valgus and provide laboratory proof for clinical therapy and rehabilitation of hallux valgus. Method 17 cases of hallux valgus with 34 involved feet were examined. 17 persons with normal feet were choosen as control group. Forefoot plantar pressure was measured during walking by Footscan system. The forefoot was divided into five regions according to the five metatarsals. The parameters, peak pressure (PP) and pressure time integral (PTI) of the five regions, were compared to evaluate the plantar pressure changes while walking. ResultsForefoot plantar pressure distribution of hallux valgus is quite different from that of normal feet. Among five regions PP and PTI under the third metatarsal are maximum, which was (24.01±12.33)Pa，(6.89±3.02) respectively. While the maximum of normal feet was under the second metatarsal, which was (16.79±7.65)Pa，(6.03±2.72) respectively. Conclusions There are biomechanical differences between hallux valgus and normal feet which can be embodied by the distribution of plantar pressure. The center of plantar pressure distribution obviously shifts from interior to exterior.